Documentary Credit Transaction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Narrative Credit Transaction - Essay Example The monetary exercises have quickened in the present century, the financial open doors have been investigated, and riches extent has extended as opposed to getting progressively focused. The exchange accomplices accordingly embraced an arrangement of change, focused on flexibility towards financial movement. The financial extension and fast course of riches strengthened the exercises of the financial division, and for the acquirement of its offer, the exchange accomplices expanded the skyline of its financial offices. The necessities and the desires for the customers reformed, and for this reason the financial division was constrained to embrace and present arrangement of amended and adjusted plan which fundamentally centered around loaning administrations, the testimony exercises in spite of the fact that increased an enormous force, however the commitment in such manner was for the most part from the well off individuals, the loaning administrations were looked for by the businesse s, corporate world and the significant segment of society. At first the financial foundation was hesitant to receive the idea of responsibility and straightforwardness, however once the number of inhabitants in the buyers rose, and the financial organization created linkages with various customers, the bank had to guarantee that responsibility and straightforwardness is rehearsed in the entirety of its structure. The financial extension didn't just expand the skyline for the exchange accomplices, rather the other financial organizations likewise reinforce and got an equivalent open door for acquisition of agreements and openings. The exchange accomplices in this manner needed to increase the execution of the arrangement in the wake of financial extension, and rising rivalry. The exchange accomplices built up a system, beforehand when the monetary exercises were slow, the bank concentrated on the zones where the network looked for budgetary help and protect for the statement of their cash and different resources, recently when the mechanical transformation improved the subjective and the quantitative ways of life, the bank embraced a completely extraordinary technique to conquer the necessities of the clients, not by offering to them what they require, yet by offering to the clients all which they ought to acquire in this time of innovative turn of events, with the goal that the improved quality norms can be benefited by the clients. The bank centered from routine activity to a field of development, where the need was never felt however created to inform the clients about the subjective upgrade of life, through various money related plans (Robert, 2007). Narrative Credit Transaction: Significance The globalization has extended the system of credit exchanges. There were days when the credit exchanges were bound to topographical landscapes, however the worldwide exchange has considered the idea of universal banking. The trading of monetary and exchange relations have basically required the advancement of the units which will bolster and ensure the credit exchanges. The idea of worldwide financial framework developed with extraordinary arrangements which made sure about the

The Tea Industry In Bangladesh

The Tea Industry In Bangladesh Tea industry is a basic industry in Bangladesh, which brings a ton of outside cash for Bangladesh. It is the least expensive, the most popular, reviving non inebriating far reaching drinks. Tea was first developed in china. Simultaneously it was additionally begun to developed in southeast India. Step by step the utilization of tea was growing in the entire world particularly in Europe, when the correspondence was built up between the Asia and Europe. In Bangladesh first tea garden was Malnicherra and it is situated in Sylhet. It was set up in 1854. At present in Bangladesh there are 162 tea gardens. Five kinds of organizations are including in tea development in Bangladesh. Authentic Company, National Tea Company, Bangladesh Tea Board, Private LTD Company and Proprietary. Own by Bangladeshi Nationals. In the tea gardens it is essential to managing about HR of the tea gardens. Since, the tea garden in the nation are showing just to the best possible fixation and legitimate help given by the works. A gathering of individuals in the Bangladesh are generally related with this activity. As indicated by the BTB (Bangladesh Tea Board) at present 3, 50,314 populaces are associated with the tea business. From them the enlisted work is 87,709 people. There are a few associations in the Bangladesh whos helping the tea business in much more. Those are BTRI (Bangladesh Tea Research Institute), PDU (Project Development Unit), BTB (Bangladesh Tea Board), BCS (Bangladesh Cha Sangsad) and so on. At present there are heaps of populace are associated with this industry in Bangladesh. The greater part of the works are unskilled. In some cases they dont realize how to compose their name. The organization masterminds some preparation for them in exceptionally less time. The preparation and advancement programs in the event of works are not in good level. They learn by accomplishing their work. The works are not cognizant about their various offices too. A few times a few associations come to cause them to educate about various cognizant offices. In any case, the majority of the occasions they are not go to in the course or program. We recommend the supervisory crew to make move to make them mindful about various offices, from which they can be profited. Works wellbeing conditions are not additionally in a good level, due to high drinking of liquor. Be that as it may, they are getting the free clinical offices from the organization. Works are additionally getting some different advantages, for example, Residential office, Food, Education office, Job Security and Entertainment office. Then again to be an administrative level representative it is profoundly instruction is required and some of the time it is expected to do some different courses with this high training. The represent atives are additionally getting some great offices whatever they required. The tea business is going to confront some new difficulties all inclusive. Some new nations attempt to develop tea, which will be a danger to the nations like Bangladesh. So it is important for Bangladesh to continue looking on the new contender. It is additionally essential for Bangladesh to prepare the all workers of the business with a logical way, which can support the creation. The organizations additionally need to search for the new innovation. They additionally need to utilize the best machine for creation. They likewise need to utilize the PC based innovation to keep the information and all the necessary data. Proclamation of research issue levelheaded for its examination Human asset the board guarantees opportune individuals at correct spot at perfect time. It guarantees the best possible usage of human asset in an association. In the wake of obtaining hypothetical information, this investigation helped us to get reasonable information. We know Sylhet is well known for tea creation and there are numerous tea plants in Sylhet. So to play out our investigation we pick Malnicherra Tea Estate which is popular everywhere throughout the Bangladesh. We pick Malnicherra in light of the fact that we know here thousand of works are working under a solitary administration, so to know how the administration deals with this tremendous number of work and how they practice human asset exercises inside their association. In this investigation we featured the preparation and improvement program of Malnicherra Tea Estate. Behind the determination of this theme there likewise a few causes. As we as a whole know in tea cultivates the vast majority of the works are unedu cated and untalented. Close to that Tea gardens are procuring benefit and extending their business step by step. We thought there must be any instrument behind this achievement, so from this fascination we chose to discover the system by which Tea Estates are playing out their day by day activities and changing over the incompetent workers into talented representatives and this is just conceivable via preparing and improvement program. 1.3 Calculated Development People are the associations more prominent resources; without them, ordinary business capacity, for example, overseeing income, making organizations exchanges, imparting through all types of media, and managing clients couldn't be finished. People and the potential they have drive an association. Todays associations are consistently evolving. Hierarchical change impacts the business as well as its representatives. So as to boost hierarchical viability, human potential people abilities, time and gifts must be overseen. By examining we will in general realize that Human Resource Management attempts to guarantee that workers can meet the associations objectives. Human Resource Management is answerable for how individuals are treated in associations. It is answerable for carrying individuals into the association, helping them play out their work, repaying them for their works and taking care of issues that emerge. There are seven administration elements of a (HR) division that will be ex plicitly tended to: staffing, execution evaluations, pay and advantages, preparing and improvement, worker and work relations, security and wellbeing, and human asset look into. Preceding talking about the seven capacities, it is important to comprehend the activity examination. A fundamental part of any HR unit, regardless of the size, is the activity examination, which is finished to decide exercises, abilities, and information expected of a representative for a particular activity. The objective of human asset the board is to assist an association with meeting vital objectives by pulling in, and keeping up representatives and furthermore to oversee them viably. The fundamental reason of the scholarly hypothesis of HRM is that people are not machines. In this manner we have to have an interdisciplinary assessment of individuals in the working environment. 1.4 Extent of the report For this examination we went to Malnicherra tea Estate and conversed with the Assistant supervisor, staffs and work. We search on the sites; we additionally search a few books. In this examination we attempted to discover the preparation and improvement program of the nursery, enrollment procedure of the tea garden, the base necessities for finding a new line of work in the nursery, the measure of wages works are getting and others factor identified with the tea bequest. We likewise attempted to discover the strategy by which the administration prepared their representatives and make them as their ideal work power and which sort of issues the board faces while masterminding these preparation programs. 1.5 Goal of the report The motivation behind this report is to realize how HR are overseen in the association. In Sylhet there are numerous tea gardens. A gigantic measure of HR are engaged with these nurseries. That is the reason for our investigation reason we have chosen the Malnicherra tea garden. Essentially we concentrated on the preparation improvement program attempted by the nursery the executives. Different targets of the report are as per the following: To know the human asset the board activity in the tea garden. To know the issues of the administration they are looking with the work. To realize the issues works are looking with their work. To know any progressions or upgrades, representatives need for their work in the nursery. To know whether the board is masterminding any program to improve the ability of their specialist. To know on which premise the board select work for preparing. To know in what direction the executives organize preparing program for their work. To know whether the executives is happy with the exhibition of the work. To know the effect of preparing and advancement program. 1.6 Technique For this examination we directed a study. We arranged surveys for the board and works. We chatted with the administrator and officials those were accessible on that time. We additionally chatted with the works chipping away at the field. We take some assistance from certain books. We likewise utilized site for gathering data. 1.7 Information Sources We have utilized both essential and optional information for this report. We gathered essential information by methods for poll and individual meetings. We arranged polls for administrators and works. We chatted with the director and different workers accessible on the nursery. We additionally conversed with works and asked them a few inquiries to think about their activity. For the most part while gathering the information from the work and representatives we concentrated much on their preparation and improvement program orchestrated them. For gathering auxiliary information we have looked through sites, a few books on human asset the executives and on tea gardens. Part 2: Organizational Profile Malnicherra Tea Estate is a chronicled tea garden. Malnicherra Tea Estate was first settled in 1854 by under the British proprietorship. The primary proprietor was Mr. Winston a British resident. He run the state till the 1884. At that point he offered the nursery to another British resident named Mr. J.T. Bull in 1884. Mr. J.T. Bull run the association from 1884-1919. In 1919 he offered the nursery to Mr. F. Flurence who holds the nursery from 1919-1925. In 1919 Mr. F. Flurence offered it to Mr. J. Mintu. Mr. J. Mintu claimed the nursery fro 1925-1927. In 1927 Mr. G.P. Stuwart purchased the nursery from Mr. J. Mintu and possessed the nursery till 1930. In 1930 Mr. H. Peterson purchased the nursery from Mr. J.P. Stuwart and owne

College Research Paper Writing - Your Guide to Writing an Effective Paper

College Research Paper Writing - Your Guide to Writing an Effective PaperCollege research paper writing is a process that goes beyond the limited confines of being an average college student. It is a process that involves the crafting of research papers that are unique and written in such a way that it will stand out from the other that are in circulation. It is not enough to just know what you are talking about. You must also come up with the ability to explain and convince the reader that you have learned more than the average student about the subject.There are several steps that you need to do when you are writing a good research paper. The first step is the topic selection. It is important that you understand what the topic of your paper is and then you can make a research on it. It is the next thing that you should write about your topic. Research on this subject can be done by using Google, reading books and researching on the Internet.Once you have read up on the subject, it is time to write the research papers. These research papers can be based on a variety of topics ranging from one topic to another. When you are going through the subject, you must consider all the possible topics that could pertain to the subject.After you have written the research paper, you should now work on writing the conclusion. This is the part where you must discuss your findings as well as what you plan to do with them.An important thing to do is include a summary at the end of the paper. If you do this right, the readers will understand the article better and also be able to understand how they can take the same information to apply to their own lives.Finally, the last part of the process is to proofread your final research paper and make sure that it is correct. Proofreading is very important sothat you can ensure that there are no mistakes.Doing all of these in order is easy once you have learned how to do it. However, a lot of students still don't know how to write a go od research paper and there are a lot of mistakes that they make when they do so.

Beautiful-Sounding Words Competitions and Composition

What do you think is the most beautiful-sounding word in English? Consider these unpredictable choices by well-known writers, and then encourage your students to write about their favorite words. In a Beautiful Words contest held in 1911 by the Public Speaking Club of America, several submissions were deemed insufficiently beautiful, among them grace, truth, and justice. In the judgment of Grenville Kleiser, then a popular author of books on oratory, The harshness of the g in grace and the j in justice disqualified them, and truth was turned down because of its metallic sound (Journal of Education, Feb  1911). Among the acceptable entries were melody, virtue, harmony, and hope. Over the years there have been countless playful surveys of the most beautiful-sounding words in English. Perennial favorites include lullaby, gossamer, murmuring, luminous, Aurora Borealis, and velvet. But not all recommendations have been so predictable—or so obviously euphonious. When the New York Herald Tribune asked poet Dorothy Parker for her list of beautiful words, she replied, To me, the most beautiful word in the English language is cellar-door. Isnt it wonderful? The ones I like, though, are check and enclosed.James Joyce, author of Ulysses, chose cuspidor as the single most beautiful word in English.In the second volume of the Book of Lists, philologist Willard R. Espy identified gonorrhea as one of the ten most beautiful words.Poet Carl Sandburg chose Monongahela.Another poet, Rosanne Coggeshall, selected sycamore.Ilan Stavans, a Mexican-American essayist and lexicographer, dismissed the clichà ©s on a British Council survey of beautiful words (which included mother, passion, and smile) and instead nominated moon, wolverine, anaphora, and precocious.The favorite word of British author Tobias Hill is dog. Though he acknowledges that canine is a beautiful word, fit for a medieval greyhound in a tapestry, he prefers the spareness of the Anglo-Saxon in England.Novelist Henry James said that for him the most beautiful words in English were summer afternoon.When British essayist Max Beerbohm found out that gondola had been chosen as one of the most beautiful words, he replied that scrofula sounded the same to him. Of course, like other beauty contests, these verbal competitions are shallow and absurd. Yet consciously or not, dont most of us favor certain words for their sound as well as their sense? A Composition Assignment In her book Poets Pen, Betty Bonham Lies turned the beautiful-words list into a composition assignment for student writers: Assignment: Bring in to class two lists of words: the ten most beautiful words in the English language and the ten ugliest —  by sound only. Try to blot out what the words mean, and listen only to how they sound.In class: Have the students write their words on two blackboards or sheets of newsprint: the beautiful words on one, the ugly on the other. Put in some of your own favorites of both kinds. Then talk about what elements in the words seem to make them either attractive or unattractive. Why is pandemonium so euphonious when its meaning is a wild uproar? Why does crepuscular sound unpleasant when twilight is lovely? Discuss disagreement among students; ones beautiful word might be anothers ugly. ...Ask students to write a poem or a prose paragraph using at least five of the beautiful or ugly words. Tell them not to think about form. They might write a narrative, a vignette, a description, a list of metaphors or similes, or total nonsense. Then have them share what they have written.( The Poets Pen: Writing Poetry With Middle and High School Students. Libraries Unlimited, 1993) Now if youre in a sharing mood, why not pass along your nominations for the most beautiful words in English?

The Damage to Germany after World War Two and its...

The Damage to Germany after World War Two and its Reconstruction Every time there is a war at least one country has to deal with the consequences left behind. After World War II numerous countries had to face reconstruction because they were damaged economically as well as physically. One of these countries was Germany. During the reconstruction of the country a large number of foreign laborers, also known as â€Å"Gastarbeiter†, came to Germany due to the shortage of a native workforce. After the economy stabilized Germany kept importing labor rather than taking industry, capital and jobs offshore in search of lower labor costs. Workers, especially from Turkey, Yugoslavia, Poland, Italy and Greece came with their families to seek work.†¦show more content†¦At first, a residence permit is granted for one year only and is tied to designated employment. A foreigner who has been in Germany legally for at least five years and is considered to have integrated himself into the economic and social life is eligible to receive a domicile pe rmit (Aufenthaltsberechtigung). Once granted, the permit allows its holder to move within the country without restrictions. Work permits are issued by the federal Labor Office (Bundesanstalt fur Arbeit). All aliens intending to work in Germany need a work permit. There are two classes of work permits. One is a general permit, issued normally for one year and â€Å"geared to the labor conditions prevailing, or to special needs of certain industries.† The other permit is a special work permit (Besondere Arbeitserlaubnis), issued to aliens â€Å"who have had a steady employment record for the preceding five years, or who have been living in Germany legally for the last eight years or more or who are married to a German citizen† (Bhagwati 1984, 279). The majority of the German people thought, and still thinks today, that if there are no foreign workers, there will be considerable less unemployment. This is a tolerable thought but this problem has also to be looked at from a different perspective. The article, â€Å"A Whiff of Xenophobia† states, that â€Å"While the German economic miracle was in full swing, the Gastarbeiter (guest worker) were regarded as a necessary, if not always desirable,Show MoreRelatedThe Reichstag Building844 Words   |  4 PagesReichstag, that â€Å"Germany was a German Republic. â€Å"This statement sparked a revolution, and sent Berlin into a state of turmoil, which lasted a few months, then in 1919 a new constitution was drawn up to mark an era of a new parliamentary democracy.The Nazi Germany period before 1939, the Reichstag had the entry of the NSDAP Brownshirts, later known as the Nazi party; this would mark the end of the Weimar Republic. The Nazi party gradually gained more and more power,Eventually after Adolf Hitler wasRead MoreThe End Of The 20th Century1544 Words   |  7 PagesHistory since the end of the Civil War to the end of the 20th century has changed drastically when you asses America on an economic, social, and political level. The changes between the end of the 19th century and the end of the 20th century are the cause in the way America has been shaped and how American’s think. In fact, industrialization and urbanization, equal rights for all citizens, and two world wars played a major role in the shape of America to our understanding. Although, there are numerousRead MoreThe Reasons behind the Cold War Essay1326 Words   |  6 PagesThe Cold war was a sustained state of military and political tension between powers of two dominating powers from opposite sides of the globe. 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His speeches and charisma, timing and strategy, and the fact that Germany was in disarray, allowed him to quickly rise through the ranksRead MoreThe atomic bomb was first used by the Americans against Japan to end the war. The Americans500 Words   |  2 PagesThe atomic bomb was first used by the Americans against Japan to end the war. The Americans be lieved that this would end the war as well as giving them a post war diplomatic advantage over the Soviet Union. Instead, the atomic bomb used in World War 2 shifted postwar policies that inadvertently resulted in the Cold War. As Germany fell to the allies, postwar negotiations began. Roosevelt had been clear two fundamentals at Yalta. First, he believed the Nazi state should be eliminated â€Å"as a seriousRead MoreReparations For Slavery During The Civil War1712 Words   |  7 Pagesand regular people for years now. During the Reconstruction Era after the Civil War many freed slaves were promised 40 acres of land, as a form of reparations.(Staff www.The Root.com) However, this became an empty promise and nothing was enforced to help African Americans become socially, economically, or politically leveled with white Americans since. African Americans were enslaved to work for big corporations and never received any form of wages after the abolishment of slavery. Businesses thatRead MoreThe Great Depression : History1409 Words   |  6 Pages The Great Depression Suzette Toliver HIS205 Contemporary World History Belhaven University - Houston Cause The Great Depression has been labeled as the worst economic depression in the United States History. â€Å"On September 3, 1929, the Dow Jones was at a high of 381 points, and on October 29, 1929, it had fallen to 41 points after a week of panic selling.† http://thegreatdepressioncauses.com/causes/. Things started to become unstable as many people were getting rid of their stock. BanksRead MoreThe Rise Of America s Power1540 Words   |  7 Pagessuperpower. Many key moments in history come into play to highlight the rise of America’s power. The Industrial Revolution began the steady rise of America. Through major substantial events, such as: the Spanish-American War, World War I, the Cold War, and the introduction of a New World Order, America made a remarkable surge towards becoming the global superpower that it is today. In the middle of the 19th century, industrialization had spread to the United States. Industrialization led to the growthRead MoreThe Berlin Wall s Impact On Economic, Social And Political Relations Between West And East Europe1371 Words   |  6 Pagesso high was its importance, that only after the Berlin wall was abolished in that the cold war was finally coming to an end and so traumatising was its presence that Berlin has yet to fully recover. In order to come to a conclusion about the impact of the Berlin wall, one must first understand the context of which it came to be. At the end of the second world war, the disintegration of German central authority allowed allied powers to take control of Germany. During the February of 1945, the alliedRead MoreWorld War II: A Just War1031 Words   |  5 PagesPresident Roosevelt then asked congress for a formal declaration of war against the Japanese Empire for their â€Å"unprovoked and dastardly attack†. This declaration would also be the last formal declaration of war by congress. President Roosevelt gave a compelling speech that day, and was able to understand the hurt and betrayal the American people and congress felt. It took only an hour for the congress to convene with a ruling and declared war on the Empire of Japan. However compelling the President’s

Harmful effects of being stere Essay Example For Students

Harmful effects of being stere Essay As we live in society today that tends to claasify people in gruops, which they seem closest to is call stereotyping. Stereotyping is an everyday habit for many people. One might say that to stereotype is just a harmless classification of charateristics of a certain person, but has anyone stopped to think what effect ti has on the person who is being stereotyped. For example, stereotyping overweight people ca cause harmful effects such as emotional stress and low self-esteem. when we stereotype overweight people, it is possiple that we are causing them emotional stress. For example, when someone says Hey, fatso! referring to htem in a degrading manner, it undoutedly casues them to feel less than normal compared to their peers. They also feel bad about themsefves being overweight, unless they do not care about how they look or what people think about them, or if they have above average confidence in themselves. Stereotyping overweight people can also causes them in low self-esteem by making them feel inadequate. Feeling inadequate caseus them to feel as though ther is no to overcome their plight without a ong term plan, which may not be possible for them as they may have already tried to no avail. For example, I have a cousin; she is a little bit overweight for her age. One day, she was eating and her toher cousin called her Pig. She got really mad and did not talk to him for a week. She felt sad about it and tried to go on a diet, which is hard for her. She would not eat anything for a couple days. Sometimes they feel really depressed aobut what people say about them. Low self-esteem can cause emotional stress. Emotional stress can cause low self-esteem, which only perpetuates adn compounds their problem. Therefore, one should always consider the feeling of others before thoughtlessly stereotypin goverweight people.

TTH Essays - The Tell-Tale Heart, Vulture, Vulture Eye, Eighth Night

The main conflict in "The Tell-Tale Heart" is within the narrator himself. Throughout the first half of the story his is torn because he has nothing against the old man, especially at night when his eyes are closed. His problem lies with the old man's pale blue vulture eye. So for a week, as he watched the man sleep he could not bear to kill him, because the eye was closed. This is the main conflict, which is why it is easy for him to kill the old man on the eighth night since his eye is open. In the second half of the story, the conflict turns to the narrator's inner thoughts while the police are there. In the beginning of their meeting, he is confident and proud of the meticulous work he had done in killing the old man and disposing of all evidence. But, guilt slowly builds up within him as he hears the beating of the dead man's heart from under the floorboards. His confidence is fleeting fast as he is sure that the police too can hear this phantom beating. He turns from a calm, confident and proud man into a paranoid lunatic, thus revealing his deed to the police.

buy custom The Alabama Immigration Law essay

buy custom The Alabama Immigration Law essay The Federal state of Alabama recently enacted a more stringent anti-immigration law under the Beason-Hammon Alabama Taxpayer and Citizen Protection Act. Enforcement of this legislation against all odds prompted the implementation of other immigration laws across the state of Alabama (Alabama Department of Education 2011). Section 28 of the Alabama Immigration Act which is deeply embedded in the enrolment policies of states education department as summarized herein: i)Every public school will be required to determine whether children or students enrolled at the Kindergarten, elementary or secondary levels were illegal immigrants born outside the boundaries of the United States of America. All illegal immigrant children living in the United States together with their parents, legal custodians or guardians will be reported to the Superintendent of education in all the districts of Alabama. ii)All the public schools within the State of Alabama will register students on condition that they produce original copy of their birth certificate or any other certified documentation that confirms status of the citizenship or immigration status. iii)If a student cannot produce the original birth certification or any other official proof that s/he was born within the state of Alabama for one reason or the other at the time of enrollment, the parents, legal custodians and guardian will be required to avail documentation or any other proof of a students immigration status or federal citizenship within a span 30 days. iv)The school inspection will be carried out by the school official from time to time in all the public schools throughout the districts of Alabama to verify if students documentations bear the true identity of their holders. However, in the event that parents/guardian/legal custodians fail to produce all the required documentations, an individual student will be deemed an alien. In this case, the guardians, parents or legal representatives will be required by the Act to sign a declaration indicating that a student is an illegal immigrant (Alabama Department of Education 2011). v)The school officials will then be charged with the legal responsibility of reporting all the illegal students present in all Alabama and other states of the United States. The State Board of Education will then consolidate all the collected data of the illegal students in the Alabama public schools and submit the final list to the mandated legislature. vi)This data will then be used to investigate the economic effects of the rising numbers of illegal students on the quality of education in both primary and secondary public schools across the state of Alabama. Pressure posed by these alien students on the learning resources such as text books, computers other supplies and other educational provisions (extracurricular activities and discounted meals) given by both the federal and state governments in Alabama will also be established for the purposes of future fiscal planning (Alabama Department of Education 2011). Considering that the swelling populations of the illegal immigrants in Alabama and other federal states of United States, the implications of the Alabama Immigration Law is far-fetched in all spheres of the American life despite the mere fact that the legislative assembly of Alabama enacted the law to protect the taxpaying Alabama citizens from the prevailing economic menace posed by the increasing numbers of illegal immigrants. The economic, social and political impacts of the Law will be felt by all illegal immigrants in every corner of the public and private sectors of Alabama. It is quite unfortunate though that children who are born to illegal immigrants will not gain admission into the Alabama public schools once the Alabama Immigration Law is enforced as intended in the Alabamas civil society (Dugam, 2011). The simple locking of these children from the public schools across the district of Alabama will considerably deny this poor lot an access quality education compared to their citizen counterparts- a phenomenon that propagates chronic social and economic disparity in Alabama. Worse still, illegal children will also be discriminated against in regard to the provision of health care and other social services (Dwyer, 2004). From the time of its enactment and eventual enforcement in September this year (2011), the social survey report conducted in Alabama to assess the impacts of the legislation reveals that the Alabama Immigration Law reveals has seen many illegal children and continuing students out of school some of which are unable to access quality healthcare services- the basic human rights that are deeply entrenched in the Federal Constitution of the United States of America. In facts and figures, more than 1,300 children are locked out of Alabama public schools out of which 572 children have been denied access to quality health care in vaious public healthcare institutions in Alabama on the basis of their non-citizenship (New York Times, 2011). Secondly, illegal children, majority being from the ethnic minority, are subjected to untold magnitudes of stigma and discrimination due to their lowly immigration status. Mere knowledge that these children and young students are aliens who are living in Alabama against the law of the state makes them develop the feelings of inferiority among their peers. It is most remarkable that psychological stigma and emotional torture caused by this kind of a discriminative law and public policies of the sort is well pronounced among the teenage students at the secondary levels of education but to a lesser extent to younger children who are not yet conscious of their ego. The most detrimental of all, this particular bill makes it possible to track down adult illegal immigrants through their childrens registration at the Alabamas public schools. As such, many illegal adult immigrants, who constitute the largest percentage of Alabama labor force on the agricultural farms and industries, are living in great fear of deportation. The New York Times, reports that multitudes of the illegal immigrants are already fleeing Alabama for the fear that they might get deported to unknown destinations. Consequently, this mass fleeing of illegal migrant, who provide the much needed human labor in the agricultural and industrial sectors, causes a significant drop in the economic productivity of the states economy (Dugam 2011). Increased government revenue: heavy presence of illegal immigrations poses much economic burden to Alabama since the cost of educating non-citizen is spread across the citizen tax payers. Similarly, keeping the increasing numbers of the non-citizens within the Alabama public school without their parents, guardians, and custodians pay taxes put much strain on the limited learning resources such as computers, text books, meals, and sports facilities in all the public schools (Jurist Legal News Research, 2011). This highly compromises the quality of education students get from the public schools of Alabama. Improve quality of education: to enhance the quality of education and efficiency of service delivery at the public schools, the annual fiscal planning must cater for the learning needs of both the citizen and non-citizen students alike. This can only be realized when the education officials report the number of illegal students that are enrolled in each across the districts of Alabama to the state legislature. The subsequent tracking of all illegal immigrants and taxation will allow the state to plan and provide quality education to all children. Effective States Fiscal Planning for Education: due to high populations of illegal immigrants in Alabama (estimated at 11 million adults), the numbers of illegal children are equally large hence they must be considered in the fiscal planning of the state if at all the education sector has to run smoothly. Therefore, for the sake of future educational fiscal planning, sustainable quality education to all children, and proper allocation of learning resources to all students (regardless of their nationality and immigration status), the educational officials must document and report all the illegal students within the public schools in Alabama. In spite of the claims by the Alabama legislature that the immigration law is stringent enough to check the rising trends of illegal immigration into Alabama, the deputy United States Attorney General Thomas Perez is strongly opposed to the enactment and subsequent enforcement of the law on the basis that it violates the U.S. Federal laws that provides for equal educational opportunity to all children and further protection of childrens rights in all states of the U.S. notwithstanding their race, economic, nationality, origin and social status. In the spirit of the Federal Constitution, the Alabama Immigration Law constitutes a gross violation of the documented human rights. In his letter to superintendents of Alabama schools, Perez blatantly expresses his inherent fear that the newly enacted immigration law that demands vital information from students might discourage or chill participation of young people in public education. Basing his argument on the actual figures extracted from the Federal Bureau of Statistics, Perez reiterates the mere fact that children the law has drastically reduce the rate of non-citizen childrens enrollment in all public schools within the districts of Alabama. It is therefore evident that the law frustrates the goals of the U.S. Federal Department of Education that aims at attaining universal education for all by the year 2018. On the same magnitude of disapproval, the United States Department of Justice through the Supreme Court rules the law as unconstitutional since taking into consideration its unmerited act of denying children the gains of education and learning opportunity within the districts of Alabama . The Alabama Immigration Law therefore puts the Alabama law makers on the spot for their faulty inhuman legislation not only in other federal states of U.S. but across the world. Despite the massive denunciation Alabama Immigration Law attracts from the Federal government, foreign government and humanitarian agencies, educational officials serving within the Alabama districts are under strict directives to implement the law to the letter (Jurist Legal News Research 2011). This phenomenon puts the educational officials in a big dilemma as to whether they should take heed of the directives as given by their law makers or uphold their professional ethics of providing education and health care services to all children and students regardless of their color, immigration status, nationality, origin, race and gender. Terry L. Coopers book, The Responsible Administrator, provides a fundamental guide necessary for the confrontation and address of various ethical issues revolving around the enforcement of the Act by the school officials. According to the principles of Administrative Ethics, beneficence and social responsibility are two values that school official must uphold at any given time (Cooper, 2006). Under these two values, the school officials must always ensure that the welfare of the ethnic minority children in the public schools of Alabama is guaranteed and further protected against any possible violation similar to the one induced by the Alabama Immigration Law. Against all odds, the officials have the mandate and moral authority to promote the enrolment of illegal student within the public schools no matter the situation- this remains the noble course that surpasses any other reason as to why the illegal immigrants should be denied access to education in the public schools. Additionally, they are charged with the legal duty and an obligation to provide education to the general public particularly the vulnerable group of the ethnic minority illegal students. For this matter, their direct involvement in t he enforcement of this unjust law will render them highly unethical since it is a violation of the administrative ethics. Secondly, the aspect of justice and equality must take pre-eminence in deciding whether the law is ethical or not (Raul, 2002). Fully aware that education is a fundamental human right and that every individual is entitled to it, any action or agency that would impede on this right is regarded as unethical. As an ethical and morally upright educational official, it is not prudent checking and reporting the immigration status of a child enrolment in public schools to the District Education Board because the resultant actions of such a move will deny these innocent young students an opportunity to learn. This law will lock many illegal students out of the Alabama public schools owing to the fact they will not get registered by the education officials contrary to the federal law. This law hence constitutes a serious breach of universal human rights which calls for education for all regardless of their immigration status, race, origin, nationality, and gender. The legislation is therefore extremely unethical because its explicit enforcement within the Alabama public schools will cut off illegal students from accessing quality education like their legal counterparts (Raul, 2002). Finally, the enforcement of the law compromises confidentiality and privacy of personal information regarding the illegal immigrants and illegal students that the school officials supposedly safeguard in the education. The subsequent common knowledge about illegal students personal information as well those of their parents, custodians, and guardians, reduces their egos in schools and the wider Alabama civil society. As a result, the illegal students suffer untold psychological torture and constant feelings of guilt. For the purposes of effective learning, the students ego should always be safeguarded- a simple thing the law remarkably fails to address. Conclusion The more stringent immigration law: the Beason-Hammon Alabama Taxpayer and Citizen Protection Act enacted by the Federal state of Alabama is unconstitutional and highly discriminative as it violates the right of everyone to access quality education in the state of Alabama. It is therefore unethical for the school officials whose main moral authority is to make education accessible enforce the law. The Alabama Immigration Law takes an inhuman face since it not only fails to address the fears of the parents and illegal students in the entire Alabama but also subject illegal student to all manner of discrimination. The unethical law simply aspires to aggravate the existing discrimination against illegal students in the Alabama public schools and it deliberately fails to ensure that the rights of the vulnerable children are protected from any abuse by the public policies similar to the law. Buy custom The Alabama Immigration Law essay

Belonging

These essential components of belonging are portrayed through the poems of Peter Skrzynecki and another additional text the film Invictus directed by Clint Eastwood about the uniting of South Africa through the efforts of Nelson Mandella. Feeling a sense of connectedness Wether this be on a physical,social,spiritual or emotional level to something or someone allows for an individual to feel a sense of gratitude and self belief. To a certain extent the groups we belong to define who we are, and an individuals perceptions are the resulting outcome of belonging. The acceptance and kinship being in association with groups may bring one would say belonging would impact ones life positively. Although he opposing side of belonging is not belonging and is as a problem many people in the world face today. This alienation may leave individuals feeling detached and isolated from all things surrounding them. There are many reasons why one may not belong these may include race,religion,culture,attitudes and beliefs as well as many others. This separation felt may severely impact an individuals life in a negative direction. The poems by Australian poet Peter Skrzynecki illustrate many examples of kinship and detachment. Many of the poems in the book Immigrant Chronicle by Skrzyecki explain his problems with feeling like an outsider stuck in limbo between his Polish culture passed down by his parents and his new Australian culture that he was exposed to everyday. In the poem â€Å"Felix Skrzynecki† Skrzynecki states â€Å"I forgot my first Polish word† this line illustrates Skrzyneckis lack of interest in his Polish Culture as he feels he doesnt belong. In the poem â€Å"Felix Skrzynecki† Skrzynecki uses alliteration in the second stanza to suggest peace and tranquillity, as his father holds his garden in high regard and Skrzynecki feels this is the only place where is father truly belongs. This allows for responders to learn that one may feel attached to something other than other people or groups. In this poem Skrzynecki also illustrates his fathers exclusion from the rest of Australia by the line â€Å"did your father ever attempt to learn English† this line shows Felix isolation as he cannot speak the language of the country he lives in. Although in stanza one the lines â€Å"Kept pace only with the Joneses Of his own minds making† suggest that Felix was not bothered by values or lifestyle choices that he did not believe in. This poem and other Skrzynecki poems further knowledge involving belonging and not belonging as they provide primary sources that identify multiple examples of the issue. Destruction,analyses and in depth essays of the poems allowed for a deeper understanding of belonging to be gained. The Film Invictus by Clint Eastwood. The story is based on the novel Playing the Enemy: Nelson Mandella and the game that Made a Nation. The film tells the story of Nelson Mandella in his first term as South African President, and the initiation of the venture to abolish the apartheid and unite the nation through the 1995 Rugby World Cup. The film illustrates many examples of not belonging due racism and prejudice behaviours shown by white south Africa. The film allows for racism to be viewed as one of the demanding reasons for isolation. Although later in the film an attitude shift is imminent and relationships are bridged between â€Å"black and white South Africans due to the efforts of Mandella. The film illustrates how film techniques such as camera shots,angles and music are used to create a sense of detachment at the start of the film but also show the uniting of South Africa in the end of the film. Invictus enhances knowledge of the issue belonging as it shows many examples not belonging at the start of the film, but with a shift in attitudes reveals many signs of belonging shown towards the end of the film. Due to the complex and abstract nature of the concept of belonging, a true sense of belonging can be found in different circumstances for different people. A sense of belonging or not belonging is thought about by every person in the world today, its what many people strive for everyday although some may never find it,whilst others have always had it. Analysis of a range of texts including the Peter Skrzynecki poems and the film Invictus delve deeply into the many different circumstances that individuals may wish to belong in. Ultimately to belong will always be something people feel they need to fulfil their needs,although a sense of belonging will vary to different people. | |

Mass Murderer Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Mass Murderer - Case Study Example When looking at the case of Charles Manson, one could begin to list a myriad of reasons for his crimes, starting all the way at the beginning of his life. Even in his younger years, Manson was subjected to crime, and went in and out of several different protection camps until he was finally sent to the National Training Schools for Boys in Washington D.C. His turn to crime can be traced back to his unstable family life, his mother was a drunk and he may never have known his real father. He lived between family members, and even at one time in his life was sold by his mother so she could get some alcohol. His uncle had to go take him back, and thus began Manson's movement in and out of family homes, as well as the prison and rehabilitation crimes schools he would go in and out of for the next years of his life. Manson's life of crime only continued, as his criminal behavior in jail kept him in prison until March 21, 1967. Upon his release then, he had spent less than his thirty two years in various prisons across the country. However, for Manson, his worst crimes were still yet to come. They could easily be foreshadowed by his previous record of crime and unwillingness to cope with the law. If one simply was to glance at this past record, it is not a surprise that Manson turned out the way that he did. Now that Manson was out of jail, he was able to amass alm... and always being shuffled in and out of homes and schools, I feel Manson did not grow up as he should, and suffered from a lack of a stable conscience. As he continued to grow, this is evident through his massing of a "Family", as it would later be called, and the gruesome murders that would later be carried out on his command. As his Family continues to grow, his supports became even more loyal to him. A huge Beatles fan, Manson preached to his followers that mass murders were to come, and that riots between blacks and whites due to racial tension were due to break out at any time. However, it was Manson's family themselves who broke out the murders, and in an odd way brought Manson's teachings to life. Although it is uncertain if Manson committed any of the murders himself, it is for sure that he ordered them and played a pivotal role in what happened the nights of all the murders. After all of these murders, Manson would be sentenced to death on seven counts of murder and one count of conspiracy. Manson was just recently denied parole again, and is not up for parole until 2012. His case is often connected with the counter culture of the time, and Manson may be one of the most infamous murderers of this age. Throughout his whole life, Manson never really stood still. Being brought up in a shaky, unstable environment, and having to go through all those prisons at such a young age, and even having a lack of strong role models, all seem to compact into the idea of what he turned into. He seemed to somewhat loose touch with right and wrong, possibly because he never really was taught what right and wrong was. I believe that these reasons all strongly weighed on Manson, and ultimately made him become who he turned out to be. If Manson had had a better childhood, been

The Individual Access to Health and Social Care Essay

The Individual Access to Health and Social Care - Essay Example This was actually because of dementia, that she was developing. Not knowing this, she started withdrawing from life. She might have been afraid to walk or talk because she was forgetting the way to the bathroom and the face of her neighbor. Because of her learning disability, she was unable to communicate these problems with the doctors and nurses. This is the key issue regarding our system of health care, which is insensitive to the needs of those who require special attention, like Sarah. This becomes a problem in the society considering the fact that â€Å"the prevalence of dementia among people with a learning disability can be four times higher than found in the general population (Keady, Clarke and Page, 2007, p.189).A patient with the learning disability can have a set of problems related with cognition and corresponding behavior. Hence, definitions for learning disability vary according to specific contexts. For example, psychologists say that there is a â€Å"specific lear ning disability† or SLD when an individual has a â€Å"problem in understanding or in using spoken or written language†. Another definition says that it is a â€Å"difficulty in more than one of the psychological processes involved in understanding or using language in a person of average to above average intelligence† (Boyle and Contadino, 1998, p.78). Some warning signs for learning disability in a child can be problems related with language, memory, attention and motor skills (Boyles and Contadino, 1998, p.66).... This is the key issue regarding our system of health care, which is insensitive to the needs of those who require special attention, like Sarah. This becomes a problem in the society considering the fact that â€Å"the prevalence of dementia among people with a learning disability can be four times higher than found in the general population (Keady, Clarke and Page, 2007, p.189). A patient with learning disability can have a set of problems related with cognition and corresponding behavior. Hence, definitions for learning disability vary according to specific contexts. For example, psychologists say that there is a â€Å"specific learning disability† or SLD, when an individual has a â€Å"problem in understanding or in using spoken or written language† (Boyles and Contadino, 1998, p.62). Another definition says that it is a â€Å"difficulty in more than one of the psychological processes involved in understanding or using language in a person of average to above avera ge intelligence† (Boyle and Contadino, 1998, p.78). Some warning signs for learning disability in a child can be problems related with language, memory, attention and motor skills (Boyles and Contadino, 1998, p.66). The overall consequences of learning disability can be: A significantly reduced ability to understand new or complex information, to learn new skills (impaired intelligence) with; A reduced ability to cope independently (impaired social functioning); Which started before adulthood, with lasting effect on development (Corbett, 2007, p.2). As the patients with learning disability are a group so diverse, they need â€Å"at various times throughout life†, â€Å"varying levels of support† (Corbett, 2007, p.3). Hence it is very

The Avian Flu Virus in Chicken :: virus illness china Essays

The Avian Flu Virus in Chicken There are only ten more days until we celebrate our biggest holiday of the year, Chinese New Year. It is the year of the monkey, the monkey in our culture is supposed to be very lively and mischievous and full of energy. It has been three months since I had chicken, I have been eating fish and vegetables, but I really miss eating chicken meat. In our village where there are 20 families, 14 families are in the business of selling poultry to support their income, many of them also sold eggs to supplement their income. Our village has a population of 125, yet ten of the villagers have been diagnosed as having the avian flu virus, more commonly known as the H5N1 virus and of them, three had already died because of this virus. Everyone in our village is on edge as we are afraid of whether we will be the next one infected with the virus or not. Today I am going to the market to buy flowers, red meat, fruits and red envelopes to help my parents to get our house ready for the New Year. The mood in the market is the same as normal, there are more businesses than usual because everyone is busied trying to prepare for the New Year. If a visitor came to our village for a visit, the visitor would not notice any difference in our village life. However, underneath that normal exterior, something is very wrong in our village. Normally, the market is the busiest as people flocked to buy chicken and eggs so that they can cook for the New Year. The place where usually I have to shout and push my way so that I could buy a chicken from that place is now emptied. I could even hear my own echo when I shouted which disturbed me very much, I never thought that I could hear my own voice. As I walked back from the market, I stop by my neighbor and friend's house, Ngoc, to say hello to her. Her little brother, Tuan, was one of the victims of the avian flu, but unfortunately, he did not make it. I came inside her house and went to her back yard where she is holding a chicken that her father had just killed, while on the floor, there are more than 150 dead birds laying on the ground. The Avian Flu Virus in Chicken :: virus illness china Essays The Avian Flu Virus in Chicken There are only ten more days until we celebrate our biggest holiday of the year, Chinese New Year. It is the year of the monkey, the monkey in our culture is supposed to be very lively and mischievous and full of energy. It has been three months since I had chicken, I have been eating fish and vegetables, but I really miss eating chicken meat. In our village where there are 20 families, 14 families are in the business of selling poultry to support their income, many of them also sold eggs to supplement their income. Our village has a population of 125, yet ten of the villagers have been diagnosed as having the avian flu virus, more commonly known as the H5N1 virus and of them, three had already died because of this virus. Everyone in our village is on edge as we are afraid of whether we will be the next one infected with the virus or not. Today I am going to the market to buy flowers, red meat, fruits and red envelopes to help my parents to get our house ready for the New Year. The mood in the market is the same as normal, there are more businesses than usual because everyone is busied trying to prepare for the New Year. If a visitor came to our village for a visit, the visitor would not notice any difference in our village life. However, underneath that normal exterior, something is very wrong in our village. Normally, the market is the busiest as people flocked to buy chicken and eggs so that they can cook for the New Year. The place where usually I have to shout and push my way so that I could buy a chicken from that place is now emptied. I could even hear my own echo when I shouted which disturbed me very much, I never thought that I could hear my own voice. As I walked back from the market, I stop by my neighbor and friend's house, Ngoc, to say hello to her. Her little brother, Tuan, was one of the victims of the avian flu, but unfortunately, he did not make it. I came inside her house and went to her back yard where she is holding a chicken that her father had just killed, while on the floor, there are more than 150 dead birds laying on the ground.

Healing Hospital: a Daring Paradigm Essay

Healthcare providers need to reach people on a personal level. The concept of the healing hospital paradigm research reveals that specific design changes in healthcare environments can reduce patient stress and alleviate the consequences of that stress. These changes can also help reduce medical errors and hospital-acquired infections, while improving staff morale and efficiency (Kreitzer, 2011). This paper will identify the concepts of a healing hospital, advances in technology, the physical design of the hospital and culture which promote a holistic approach to patient care. Physical Environment The healing environment goes beyond just the basic construction materials that make up the hospital. An actual healing environment is constructed to help patients and families cope with the stresses of illness, and are free from overhead paging, in-room intercoms, loud machines or noise at the nurse’s station (Eberst, 2008). Hospitals need to be free from physical disturbances which can cause stress for the patient and their family. Many hospitals are under constant construction. The loud noise of this construction can inhibit healing. Healthcare providers need to be sensitive to this and be patient advocates to ensure that the construction noises are at times when the patient is not in a resting state. They can coordinate construction times during optimal patient awake times. This will allow patients with adequate rest periods to promote healing. Patients need internal transformation to completely heal. Human aura is an expression of what is taking place within the mind, the soul, and the spirit of the individual. When considering this the color of the environment plays a big part of the healing environment. The use of chromotherapy, color healing, is essential when considering a healing environment. Green is considered the universal color for healing (Stefanidakis, 2001). Using colors appropriately in the hospital environment can encourage emotional responses to enhance healing. If the incorrect colors are utilized the patient may present with symptoms of irritability instead of peacefulness or cheerfulness which could inhibit healing. Furthermore, the hospitals interior plays a major role in the healing process. Spirituality will be promoted if the interior reflects the hint of a religious atmosphere such as exercising specific religious artifacts spirituality will be promoted. Hospitals can also incorporate unrestricted visiting, decorative fountains, fireplaces, skylights and healing gardens to help provide a relaxing environment which decreases stress for their customer population. Technology Technology can help provide an overall healing environment. Medical advances in medicine and diagnostic procedures help provide treatment for the physical illness. Historically physicians treat physical illnesses, psychiatrists treat mental illnesses and hospital chaplains deal with spiritual issues. Many times the physicial treatment of illness is the main focus of hospital staff. However, technology can also provide a way of better communication between staff and physicians with the use of cell phones. Wireless monitoring systems and alarm silence mechanisms can provide a quieter, calmer environment with less patient stress which promotes a healing environment. Although technology helps promote the healing of physical illness patient satisfaction can be improved when a holistic approach is taken. The healing hospital incorporates technology and holistic patient care to provide body, mind and spiritual healing (Chapman, 2007). Spiritual Healing Spirituality is the search to know our true selves and discovering the real nature of consciousness (Russell, 2006). Many times healthcare providers think of patients based on their diagnosis. This thought process depersonalizes the patient. This can lead to care that is not holistic. Healing hospitals promote staff education and administrative support to provide patients with holistic care. If staff members enter patient rooms in a calm and unhurried manner the patient perceives this as a loving environment (Chapman, 2007). This approach to each patient encounter allows the staff to address all of the patient needs. In this situation patients will open up to the staff so that all patient needs are identified. The staff can then recognize these needs and utilize all available resources to aid the patient in the healing process. Spirituality plays a major role in the patient’s ability to cope with stress and illness (Ashcraft, Anthony ; Mancuso, 2010). Biblical Passage In times of illness people turn to their faith and pray for help. The bible states â€Å"The LORD sustains them on their sickbed and restores them from their bed of illness† (Psalm 41:3, New International Version). This reinforces the healing the concept of the healing hospital and the power of prayer. Prayer is one of the most helpful ways of inspiring hope in our patients and families. This passage reinforces the belief that spirituality is essential in the healing process. As healthcare providers we must be sensitive to our patient’s spirituality and incorporate this in our patient care. This is a paramount of the healing hospital paradigm. Incorporating spiritual healing provides holistic care that is essential in the restoration of health. Culture The concept of the healing hospital is gaining the attention of healthcare professionals when they consider holistic care. It is essential that hospital administrators as well as the staff embrace this concept to achieve holistic patient care. If everyone is not on the same page, holistic care cannot be achieved. Many times administrators are dollar focused. In this process they lose site of the aspect of holistic care. Many hospitals struggle financially and in a knee-jerk reaction jobs are eliminated. This often results in fewer nurses with larger patient loads. It also results in increased work demands of other employees. Cutting corners to save dollars affects all aspects of patient care. Patients often feel like a number or diagnosis and the personal aspect is lost. Patients’ emotional and spiritual needs are not met. How can hospital employees produce a healing atmosphere and provide holistic care to their patients with these obstacles? Holistic care can only be achieved in a loving, caring environment (Chapman, 2007). This atmosphere will produce better patient satisfaction scores and enhanced revenue for success. This also provides employee satisfaction which promotes better patient care. These concepts go hand in hand. The healing hospital implements processes based on subjective theories as well as scientific evidence based practices to promote all aspects of healing. Conclusion The healing hospital paradigm concept encompasses an all-inclusive treatment to meet patients’ needs for complete restoration. The components of this theory are a culture of loving care, a healing environment and technology with a combined work design.

The Causes and Solutions to Ethnic Conflicts - 1733 Words

The Causes and Solutions to Ethnic Conflicts Scholars of International Security have been trying to develop a theoretical approach to explain the causes of ethnic conflict for a long time. These studies have led to contentious debates but have also probed so deeply that their findings help shed new light on these issues, providing better understanding and possible solutions. Ethnic groups are defined as a community of people who share cultural and linguistic characteristics including religion, language, history, tradition, myth, and origin. This paper will explore the realist explanations of ethnic conflicts and then see how critical theory explanations offer new insight and answers to puzzles that could not be previously be†¦show more content†¦The most dominant explanation for ethnic conflict in these areas had been the realist account, which claimed that European colonialism created strife by reconstructing African identities and exploiting their resources; forcing them the compete with each other for surv ival. While I do believe that these realist explanations are legitimate factors, I do not think they are the only ones. After reading Stuart Kaufman’s in depth explanations, I am now convinced that value systems—or lack thereof, lie at the root of ethnic conflict. In Northern Sudan, Islamic values encouraged hostile expansionism of Sharia law, which threatened the survival (identity) of the Southern Sudanese who were unwilling to submit to it. Similarly, the creation of hostile myths against the Tutsi minority and large scale acceptance of the use of violence against them in Rwanda shows how easily populations lacking strong value systems can be manipulated by political elites into justifying the most heinous acts of violence against other human beings. Just as there are many plausible theories that explain the causes of ethnic conflicts worldwide, there too are many possible solutions. Although he is a realist scholar, Barry Posen admits thatShow MoreRelatedWhat is Confict Transformation 890 Words   |  4 Pages Conflict transformation explains that rather then getting rid of the conflict (expression or disagreement), it seeks to work at the problem from the inside out (Lederach, 1995). In this conflict stated above the root of the conflict was when the customer did not retain her information and software due to the suggestion given of performing a factory reset her computer. 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There are many ethnic groups,Read MoreEssay on Turkeys Internal Conflict and the Kurdish Minority995 Words   |  4 PagesTurkeys Internal Conflict and the Kurdish Minority Turkeys key internal conflict centers on the role of its large Kurdish minority, ethnically and linguistically distinct, in a state that constitutionally consists of Turks. This issue has been with Turkey almost since the foundation of the Turkish State in 1923. The Kurds were promised the creation of an independent state as part of the treaty of Sevres in 1920 but this part of the treaty was never ratified and Turkey has refused to recognizeRead MoreDoes Primordialism Best Explain the Formation of Identity Groups?1609 Words   |  7 Pagestheory in explaining the formation of identity groups and therefore violence and partitioning a country is the only way to solve conflicts between any two identity groups. 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